Emma Holt
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Thanks Scott this is so much useful information thank you. I’ll definitely be prepared incase it ever happens and also for any anaphylaxis case I see!
Hi Liz and Scott,
Thank you both.
I caught up on the webinar last night after your post Liz (lockdown life is pretty quiet!) and it was really useful and explained the bits I’d been reading in practical terms (also I realise why aspirin isn’t needed now!). The dirofilaria and wolbachia relationship is so crazy. I want to see a case now so I can diagnose it 🙂
Thanks Scott the images would be interesting to see did you echo or radiograph?
Emma
I have never seen a case of heart worm. Did you do any imaging of the dog in this case or did you go straight to treatment after a positive ELISA?
I’ve just been looking at how you would treat Dirofilariosis. From what I’ve read the treatment is melarsomine dihydrochloride (I have never used this drug, Diroban, can we get it in the UK?) anti-inflammatory doses of steroids and then a macrocyclic lactone is needed to kill immature larvae. Some articles mention using Doxycycline alongside this. What did you use in this case?
It looks like thromboembolism is a big risk, but aspirin/clopidogrel aren’t recommended and this risk is just managed with glucocorticoids, is this correct?
I have so many questions about the first one; it looks like a pneumomediastinum, but what is the underlying cause?
-The history of an intermittent cough doesn’t fit with the normal presentation.
-How long had it been coughing for?
-Did it get a CT and was there any underlying pathology present to explain why the pneumomediastinum had occurred (history of trauma, abscess, migrating FB?)
-Treatment-wise; if you haven’t found an underlying cause and the cough is mild are you just monitoring in the hope it will resolve on it’s own within a couple of weeks?With the second one, showing mega-oesophagus; did you manage to get the radiograph conscious or was some sedation needed? Did you find an underlying cause for the MO?
Hi Scott,
This is interesting reading the human uses of CRP, especially in relation to antibiotic usage. I think CRP is a very non-specific test, however rightly or wrongly, I find them most useful in cases that I am suspicious of an immune mediated process (IMPA, SRMA, MMM) as I have found that in these cases the CRP can be >100, so although I can’t diagnose anything based on this I feel that it adds evidence to the clinical picture. If I’m suspicious of IMPA/MMM etc and the CRP is normal or slightly elevated then I think it’s much less likely to have an immune mediated process and therefore I should consider other ddx’s.
The other place that I have used them is for monitoring immune mediated diseases in the follow-up for response to treatment, however I think it is questionable whether this test is needed in these situations, as clinical examination and clinical signs may be sufficient to give the information we are looking for.
This is really interesting Scott.
I came across the article (that I have hopefully added to the link) below earlier in the year (when I was looking for a cause for high abdominal effusion glucose levels compared with blood glucose in a collapsed dog). The attached article talks about how to monitor/manage and also gives some thoughts on the pathophysiology
This is unusual and I wonder what made them think that Chia seeds would be beneficial to try this situation.
Do you think you would consider trying this in an idiopathic hypercalcaemia case before starting any drugs or just stick with the known treatment options?
Thanks Scott.
So in your case today have you started a combination of Marbofloxacin and co-amox/clindamycin while you wait for C and S results?
Do you use continuous suction in your cases and if you do how do you do this?
Thanks
Emma
Thanks Liz, this summary is really useful for MMVD cases in practices.
Congratulations Scott! That must be a pretty amazing feeling to be publishing an article alongside one of your mentors!
Hi Scott,
I’m not very good at cytology (although trying to improve). I would be suspicious that these cells might be lymphocytes because they have large round nuclei and a rim of cytoplasm, there looks to be lots of nuceoli within the nucleus. Looking at the haematology that has run there is a severe anaemia and thrombocytopaenia so I would be concerned about lymphoma with bone marrow (and probably renal based on the biochem) involvement. But I could be very wrong!
The patient has made a full recovery on medical management for gastritis 🙂
Thanks Scott. I have just downloaded the app for BSA animal blood bank and it looks like a really handy tool 🙂
I’ve re-watched it. It’s at 44min 26secs in, but when I re-watch it I think the recording jumps, but nothing is missed. So you are saying if liver failure develops when on phenobarbital then treatment should gradually be withdrawn and an alternative anti-epileptic added in. 🙂 Thanks again Emma
Thanks Scott, that’s an interesting study. It looks to be a relatively small study size (50 cats and only 13 pre-treated with levetiracetam) but a pretty high incidence of PANS occur post surgery without or without pre-treatment, so definitely worth a long discussion with the owner about it!
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